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Research: Teaching Grammar for Adults


Chomsky (1957) suggested that a grammar should describe a native speaker’s intuitive understanding of the language he or she uses.  He uses the terms “deep structure and “surface structure” to describe that intuitive knowledge.  According to Chomsky, just such a grammar would be the grammar that he introduced as Transformational Grammar.  Initially Chomsky tried to explain how actual language users created and understood grammatical structures they had never encountered in previous experience.  He therefore established a set of transformational rules that explained a user’s competence with language.  This competence, he theorized, explained how language users could generate grammatical sentences. He explained that competence in language use did not mean a user could invoke the generative rules of the language. We need to look at the term “generative grammar” in order to better understand Chomsky’s point here.


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