Appraisal Analysis

There are many approaches in discourse analysis. One of them is appraisal analysis. As one of discourse analysis approaches, appraisal analysis is concerned with the linguistic resources for by which texts/speakers come to express, negotiate and naturalize particular inter-subjective and ultimately ideological positions. Within this broad scope, the theory is concerned more particularly with the language of evaluation, attitude and emotion, and with a set of resources. That is concerned with those meanings which vary the terms of the speaker's engagement with their utterances, which vary what is at stake interpersonally both in individual utterances and as the texts unfolds cumulatively, For example in poetry and song lyrics. Moreover, this  an approach to exploring, describing and explaining the way language is used to evaluate, to adopt stances, to construct textual personas and to manage interpersonal positioning and relationships. Thus it explores how speakers and writers pass judgements on people generally, other writers/speakers and their utterances, material objects. It explores how attitudes, judgements and emotive responses are explicitly presented in texts and how they may be more indirectly implied, presupposed or assumed.